Polycarbonate materials offer a unique balance of helpful features including temperature resistance, impact resistance and optical properties position polycarbonates in between commodity plastic materials and engineering materials.
Polycarbonate is a very long-lasting material. Although it has extraordinary impact-resistance, it's got a lower scratch-resistance and so a hard coating is often applied to polycarbonate eye wear as well as polycarbonate exterior vehicle equipment. The properties relating to polycarbonate are like those of Acrylic PMMA materials, although polycarbonate definitely is stronger, it is usable in a wider temperature range and is a bit more expensive. This plastic polymer is highly transparent to visible light and has better light transmission characteristics than many different types of glass.
Polycarbonate carries a glass transition temperature of around 150 °C (302 °F), therefore it softens gradually above this point and flows above about 300°C (572 °F). Tools must be held at warm to high temperatures, generally above 80 °C (176 °F) to help with making strain- and stress-free products.
Unlike most thermoplastics, polycarbonate can undergo massive deformations without breaking or cracking. Subsequently, it is sometimes processed and formed at room temperature using sheet metal techniques, such as forming bends with a brake. For even sharp angle bends having a tight radius, no heating is usually necessary. This makes it valuable in prototyping applications where transparent or electrically non-conductive parts are required, which can't be produced from sheet metal. Remember that PMMA/Plexiglas, that is certainly similar in looks to polycarbonate, but it's brittle and cannot be bent without heating.
The light weight of polycarbonate, compared to glass, has led to advancement of electronic view screens that replace glass with polycarbonate, for use in mobile and portable devices. Such displays include newer e-ink and many LCD screens, though CRT, plasma screen and other LCD technologies generally still require glass for its higher melting temperature and the ability to be etched with finer detail.
Other miscellaneous items made out of Polycarbonate include durable, lightweight luggage, MP3/digital audio player cases, computer cases, high impact riot shields, instrument panels, and common style blender jars. Many toys and hobby items are constructed from polycarbonate parts, e.g. fins, gyro mounts, and flybar locks for use with radio-controlled helicopters.
For use in applications exposed to weathering or UV-radiation, a special surface treatment is needed. This either can be a coating (e.g. for improved abrasion resistance), or perhaps the coextrusion for enhanced weathering resistance.
Bayer Makrolon Polycarbonate is a thermoplastic that starts as a solid material in the form of small pellets. In a manufacturing process called injection molding, these small pellets are heated until they begin to melt. This liquid polycarbonate is then rapidly pushed into a mold with the empty part being the size and shape of the part you want, compressed under high pressure and cooled to create a finished product , that only takes about a minute to complete.